Pump



H. E. ADAMS April 25, 1944.

PUMP

Filed May 25. les

siz

5 Sheets-Sheet; 1

ZIO

April 25, 1944 H. E. ADAMS 2,347,386`

PUMP Filed May 25. 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 3x1/vento@ :.noans,

April 25, 1944. H. E. ADAMS 2,347,386v

PUMP I Filed May 25, 1939 5 sheets-sheet 5 April 25, 1944.

H. E. ADAMS.I

PUMP

Filed May 2.5. 1939 5 shees-sheet 4 April 25, 1944. H. E. ADAMS 3472386PUMP Filed May '25. 1939 A 5 sheets-sheet s www atentet pr. 25, 1944unirse smrss PATIENT ortiesv A ascisse Emis-E. seams, stummen. conn.,assigner to Nash Engineering Company, South Norwalk. Conn., acorporation of. Connecticut This invention relates to fluid pumps. Anobject of the invention is to provide a pump "construction, wheresubstantially all oi' the ports that contact with the uid being pumped,are

formed of corrosion resisting material.

Another object of the invention concernsa centrifugal liquid pump inwhich the pump elements that-come in contact with the liquid are made ofvitreous material, such as glass, or other refractory material. AIn,thisconnection it has 'been found that glass is the most desirable be. causeof its high resistance to corrosion from most acids, and .also becauseof its adaptability in handling beverages containing acids, all of whichmay be accomplished under conditions which promote the most eillcientsanitary conditions. While vitreous products such as gime, porcelain,and other refractory products are moet readily adeptabie to theconstruction oi the pump elements ci the present invention, it may bedesirable to use elements made of ceramic or pottery material kgti hvingglazed surfaces as in rra cottel nishos, A

in certain instances, where strength of the pump elements may besacriiiced.

In the use of all vitreous, ceramic, and pottery` pump elements, theirfrangible nature is the greatest hazard. In constructing the pump of thepresent invention there is provided a strong metal housing which notonly functions in the operation Y of the pump, lbut is devised tosupport the rela-' tively brittle, pump elements under a controlledpressure in a manner that )minimizes crushing and breakage, and alsoprotects operators from nylug fragments in event the breakage occurs.

Although vitreous, ceramic, and pottery pump elements are desirable fortheir corrosion resisting properties, because of their brittle nature itis necessary to avoid the development of excessive pressures in thepump. In order to take the proper measures to insure predeterminedpressures in the' pump casing, in accordance with the present invention,there is devised a construction wherein it is possible to Arelieve theincrement over a predetermined amount oi' pressure either through thestuiiing box assembly or through the pump chains' ber, orsimultaneously, in both locations. 1So as' topermit the escape ciexcessive pressures in the pump chamber it is necessary to provide for ayielding construction in both the housing and 1 the stumng boxassembly/and these results are in' a novel manner in the presentinvenobtained tion. 4

Anotherv feature of the present invention is the Application May 2s.rese, serial No. 215,755 1'4 claims. (oi. ros-nii) one vitreous memberwiping against another 7vitreous member, for the control of heat de-'pump casing, it is necessary to provide a sealing surface where unduepressures may cause injury to j the pump, 'and in the present inventionthe properly controlled pressure is placed on the seal elements thatcannot be altered duringl the life of the pump. i

in the present inventibn there is another meritorious feature residingin the novel design of the pump and stumg box assembly that provides ahigh `coeiiicient of heat transfer in at least one of the rubbingelements of the seul, and to dissipate and transfer the heat by a novelarrangement, to the liquid being pumped.

Owing to the novel design oi thepump of the present invention, it wasround necessary to devise a means of connection between the pump suctionand the suction piping, which would transfer the piping strains to themetal casing, relieving the more fragile pump casing and yet providing apositive connection to the pump casing for the ilow of theiiquid. By thepresent invention. there is devised a construction utiiimng an adapterpipe section having an easy and economical manner of joining the Pipeline to the pump casing metal casing takes the strain. l

Another feature of the present invention resides in cooperating deviceson the vhousing and the vitreous pump casing which provide fortemporarily supporting the frangibie pump casing 'during the assembly orthe disassembly or` the pump.

Another feature of the present invention involves a. novel arrangementof the gland and iollower elements oi the stump; box assembly so as tocontrol any seepage of corrosive liquids in a provision in the stuffingbox assembly, whe inemcient construction might require the uset of GQmanner to avoid contact withthe metal 'parts of I the num. A

with 'the foregoing and other objects in view,

* it wm be seen'tnst there is devises s novel combination, construction,and arrangement ofthe parts of a pump which is highly emcient inoperation, thoroughly reliable for its proposed uses,

whue the and that is comparatively? inexpensive to use and repair. A

Although the construction and operation of the preferred form of theinvention is illustrated and.

described, it will be understood that it is the intention to' claim allreasonable variations of the invention that may be considered within thescope of the appended claims.

Fig. 1, showing the pump casing in front elevation and with the outerhousing section removed; Fig. 4 is a section through the pump housingtaken substantially on the plane ofv line 4-4 of Fig. 1 and with thevolute section of the pump casing removed, showing the impeller andinner portion of the pump chamber in elevation;

Fig. -5 is a section taken substantially on the plane of line l-B ofFig. l;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken substantially on the plane of line 24 of Fig. 1:

Fig. '1 is a section taken substantially on the plane of line 1-1 ofFig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section of the pump housing and casing takensubstantially on the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a detailed section through the pump housing and casing takensubstantially on the plane of line 2 2 of F18. 2i

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevation partly Ln section of the innerhousing section showing the rubber headed clamping screw;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary detailed section taken substantially on theplaneof line II-Ii of Fig. 6:

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section through the stuiiing box assembly,showing a modified form thereof;

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing a further modification ofthe stuillng box assembly; and

Fig. 14 is a view similar'to Fig. 12 showing a stili furthermodification of the stumng box assembly.

The main features of the invention include a sectional housing A made ofmetal or acid resisting metal; a sectional centrifugal pump casing Bwhich may be made of corrosion resisting ceramic. or vitreous materialsuch as glass; a driven ascuas parts may be cadmium plated or coveredwith 4l surface on the outside.

rubber base paints and other acid resisting coatings.

The housing A is formed in two parts, or sections, the inner of whichconsists oi' a bracket cage composed of four spaced legs 2U whichstraddle the drive shaft C. At one end the legs 2U Join, with a ring 2|which may be bolted as at 22 to the motor M surrounding the shaft C. Atthe other end'the legs 20 Join with a circularring member 22a which isangular in cross section. 'Ihis ring member 22a is-formed with aradially extending leg 24 and an axially extending leg 25.

The outer section of the housing A is formed i of a bell-shaped cover28a and is composed of a flange 21 around its periphery that merges witha crown in the center of 'which is a round'opening, the walls 28 ofwhich are inclined for a speciiic purpose of coacting with the adapterpipe as will presently appear.

The sectional glass pump casing B, which in the form illustrated, is fora centrifugal pump, has a round head section 22. detachably seated ontheradially disposed leg orxside 24 of the ring member 22a with a resilientgasket 30 in between to protect'the glass.

The edge of the bowl-shaped volute section 2i of the pump casing has theinner edge bearing on the periphery of the head 22 with a resilient lgasket 22 in between, thereby providing a centrifugal pump chamber 22between the head and volute sections, in which chamber the impeller Irotates. The periphery of the volute part 2i bears against a ledge onthe inside of the cover 28a with a resilient gasket 24 in between. Atthe center, the crown of the volute section 2i merges with an integralround suction nozzle having a smooth The nozzle 25 extends outwardlyfrom the volute section. and provides the inlet port for the pumpchamber 22.

' On the inside face of the radially extending leg 24 is an interruptedring 21 formed with outstanding tongues or lips 28 on the solid parts orsegments of the ring. The interruptions or spaces between the segmentsare indicated at 29. Around the, outer edge of the head 29 is a flangewhich is likewise interrupted by spaces 4i to Il correspond with thelength of the segments of the member r, which in the form illustrated isan impeller made of the same material as the pump casing; a metal driveshaft C to which,-by a unique coupling, set forth in the United Statespatent application, Serial No. 310,462 nled December 21, 1939, in thename of Harold E. Adams and Willard A. Kates is anchored to the drivenmember I; a prime mover in the form of an electric motor M; and astuillng box assembly H, which, as will presently appear, includes apeculiar construction of gland and follower sleeve ele- A ments thatretain special seal elements in position under a uniform'and controlledpressure.

The sectional metal housing A provides a support for clamping thesections of the glass pinnp casing B together under a uniformpredetermined spring pressure to prevent crushing of the interruptedring 21, and having solid parts or segments corresponding to the lengthof the interruptions or spaces 2l in the ring, allowing -practicalclearances for insertion and removal of e0 the head 29. When the head 22positioned with the solid parts or segments of the flange 4t registeringwith the spaces 21 between the lips 2l, and with the spaces 4i betweenthe solid parts of the flange 40 registering with the lips 2B, isl

ll pressed inwardly and turned on its axis, the

flanges 40 are temporarily locked on the solid parts of the ring 21behind the lips 28. It will thus be seen that the head 29, which is thefirst part of the pump casing assembled,- is temporarily locked inposition while subsequent parts are mounted. In the completely'assembled relation there will be a clearance (as shown in Fig. 9)between the ring 31, the lip 28 and the ange 40, when the parts arecentered because vibration fransible casing sections. The metal housing@159 7s might occur in the operation of the pump and the centeringscrews sa ma as intimes (ses m.

p 9) inwardly asJ at Il, and when in the assembled rests on twoadjusting screws 42', which screws s are spaced apart about-a quadrantand these screws are mounted in threaded openings in lugs 43 (Fig. 9)formed on the radial side A25. These screws 62 serve to center thevolute part 3l, and

in the centered position, the screws -may be locked l by screwing thenuts M against the lugs I3. After positioning the volute part 3l it islocked there during the balance of the assembly operations by means of alocking screw 45 (see Fig;

gaged in e.A threaded opening on a lug 46, which lugextends outwardlyfrom the side 25. The screw 45 has a rubber tip 41 imbedded in the shankand the tip bears against the rim of the volute part 3l. sition, thescrew 45 is locked by the nut 4B mounted thereon which bears against theface of the lug t6." It will be seen that by this arrangement the head29, and the volute part 3i are held from dropping out of the ring member23a while the operator makes ready to attach the cover plate 25a oi thehousing. y Y In order to secure the cover ,plate du in position, aplurality of equidistantly, circumferentia-lly spaced studs l (see Fig.8) have reduced 3 flange bil.l A portion 55 at the outer end oi thestuds 5i is threaded. Between thethreaded partii 55 and the smooth partis the limiting shoulderbe. After the cover plate 26a is positioned onthe studs bll a spring 5d, the function of which will appear later,'isplaced over each of the studs bearing on the cover plate 26a. Then a nutEid, having an integral threaded sleeve 5d, is placed on the threadedportion 55. with the sleeve 60 inside the spring and no matter how theoperator tries he cannot screw the nut and sleeve bach farther than theshoulder 56 in consequence of which the springs 53 will all be placedunder a uniform predetermined compression which insures against crushingand breakage.. Ii' it were 'left to the operator to select the pressure,it

might provoke an error and result in applying too much pressure on thefrangible yparts 29 and Si whereby they would be crushed and broken. Itis also obvious that by selecting springs 68 with the proper tension tomeet the requirements of the factors attendant with the glass casing, apredetermined pressure is exerted between ring 23a and cover plate 28aof housing.A, which is translated to the sections 29 and 3| of the pumpcasing B. Should pressure in the pumpcasing exceed the predeterminedamount, the housing secand this screw has a threaded shank en. 15

relation the pressure of springs 58 is exerted, the compression of thegaskets 30 and 32 permits movement inwardly. This 4action causes theperiphery ofthe volute to recede from the centering screws and provide aslight clearance between the tips of the screwsand the. periphery of thevolute part 3i.Y

Any acid or other liquid that escapes when the parts 29 and 3l of thepump casing part along v the gasket 32. Aruns down the inside of thering 23a to the lowest point wherean opening B3 permits it to escape. Itmay happen that thc pump casing sections 29 and 3i stick together.

and to meet this contingency a-second opening @6, spaced about aquadrant from opening` S3.

(See Fig. 10.) In centered po- 20 is made in the side 25 of housingsection 23a, positioned to lie along the horizontal diameter when theopening 53 is at the bottom sc as to obtain proper leverage.' On the rimof the volute section 3i o'f the casing, in the vicinity ofopenings 63and 6d, raised'cleats 't5 and G8- respectively yare molded so that a prybar maybe fulcrumed on either ope in engagement with a cleat toforcefully separate the sticking pump casing sectio. A sump isvmade inthe lower portion of dta byplacing a slightly'raised and position withthe threaded openings on 40 tegrally with the disc 78.

.rimandi (see Fig. 9) near-the edge of side 25,

0 and this ridge extends around a portion oi the circumference. Thedrain opening @t is at the .lowest point of the sp, 4and the ridge doesnot extend outwardly far enough to interfere with the flange db; on head29 of the pump casing.

Since the respective lugs t@ and 4t which sup port the centering screws42, and the clamping or locking screw' dE, lie in the extended plane cithe` axial side de oithe ring 23a, it will be Anecessary to modify theange 2l at these points.

To accommodate the lugs and the screws. the ange is out away at @ilwhich corresponds in position to the screws, and surroundingthe openingsare s or arches il@ (see Fig. 9). l

g The glass ixnpeller I that rotates in the pump chamber 33 is formed asa disc il having lmpeller blades 'i2 formed on its forward orsuetionface. me blades rioe'mt the pumping function. 0n the oppositeface of the' disc, and staggered with respect to blades 'i2 aretormedthe blades 53. The blades 'i2 and it are cast or molded in- Itwill be seen that the blades i3 are oi materially less height thanblades 12. and the former blades serve to lessen the pressure in thestuillng box and sealing area. to reduce .the leakage of liquid. Theblades on both sides of the disc are designed to have a close clearancewith the side walls of the. pump casing confronting them. Fromthe centerof y vthe disc li there projects rearwardly an in tions will separate,and the casing. sections will j the voiute'part al which is initiallyresting on r tegral hub l5 that extends entirely through the stuffingbox or seal chamber 1B formed by the stufdng box neck or extension Ti,in spaced re-V lation to the walls 18. The hub IB also projects beyondthe end of the neck or vextension 11. It is here pointed out that thereare conduits .or passages 19 between the blades Il which form acommunication between therpressure side of the pump casing. and thestuillng box or sealing chamber i8 whereby liquid is permitted to enterthe chamber 16 and absorb .heat dissipated by the sealingvelements, aswill presently appear;

Owing tocertain factors in various installations.

it may be n under certain conditions to i provide a direct connectioncommunicating withthe pressure side of the pump, and to meet thisstuffing box extension 11.

the extension 11 is formed integrally with the described. This band 82is furnished in lieu of molding a corresponding rim on the glassextension owing to the difficulties of molding practice. When acidencounters the band 82 it will be impeded in its progress, and it willrun down theband to the lowest point and drip off as indicated.

In the area where the discharge nozzle 83 projects, the walls of the rim28afand cover plate 28a are cut away sulciently to allow for theprojection of the nozzle without contact with the metal. The walls ofthe nozzle 88 are preferably molded -or cast integrally with the volutepart 8|, so that it will move with Athis section when the cover plate28a and the volute part 8| separate under excessive pump pressures.

Referring now to the form of the stuillng box assembly H, illustrated inFigures 1 and 11; there is shown one way of devising a unique shaft sealin a manner to dissipate and transfer frictional heat to the liquidbeing pumped, so as to avoid transmission of the heat to the glassimpeller I, the glass covered drive shaft C, and the glass It will beseen that head 28 and would be likely to be broken from excessive heat.Should no provisions be taken to dispose of 'the frictional heatdeveloped, by having glass wiping glass, it will be evident that thelheat would break the glass casing B and impeller I.

Various attempts to make a satisfactory glass centrifugal pump haveresulted in failure largely because of the diillculties encountered inthe provision for a suitable stuihng box to prevent the outward leakageof corrosive fluids being pumped along the shaft. This diillcultyrevolved mostly about the inherent low coemcient of heat transfer ofglass, together with the fragile nature of the glass itself. Any rubbingfriction as would be occasioned by the conventional stuffing boxconstruction would result in a localized heating of the hub 15 and thisin tum would cause the cracking of the glass. In this invention there isprovided a practically leak-proof seal which at the 'same time overcomesthese difficulties. Owing to the low coeflicient of heat transfer, orlow conductivity of heat inrglass, it will have different stresses andstrains set up in a spot heated locally, from the unheatedsurroundingregion. The lack of uniformity in the stresses and strains atthe heated spot will be sumcient to and Micarta. The collar or sealelement 84 is pressed on the 'glass hub so as to rotate therewith, andthere is a flexible gasket 85 interposed between the collar 84 and thehub 15. 'I'his gasket is right angled in cross-section and supports thesealing element or collar 84 in spaced relation with respect to theinner face of the impeller and the hub 1.5 thereof. The gasket 85 isformed of rubber-like materials that are inert to most acids and othercorrosive fluids, and at the same time .this gasket furnishes themaximum heat insulation to prevent the exchange of heat between theglass collar 84 and the-impeller I and the hub 15. 0n the outerperiphery of the collar is a lip 88' which overhangs the radial leg ofthe gasket 85 and holds the gasket against distortion or swelling causedby centrifugal force. The free face 81 of the collar is flat and isprovided with a highly polished surface which in the stuillng boxassembly, illustrated in Figures 1 and 1l of the drawings, forms themovable or rotary part of a seal. This seal prevents the pump chamber 88from communicating with the exterior of the casing when the cooperatingparts of the seal function.

The exible insulating element 85 serves to insulate the glass sealelement 84 from the im,- peller I, so that any heat developed on therotating sealing surface 81 will not be transmitted directly to theglass impeller itself. This flexible insulating element 85 also providesfor the automatic positioning of the sealing surface 81 in a plane atright angles to the axis of rotation of the impeller, thus eliminatingany leakage difficulties that might be caused by any run-out of thissurface.

The stuffing box assembly H further includes another seal element in theform of a ring 9i positioned in-the chamber 18 in spaced relation to thewall 18 and in spaced relation to the hub 15. 'I'his ring'8l does notrotate, but it is urged axially into a central position and bearingrelation by the action of the gland and the follower parts of 4thestufiing box assembly H to be pres- "ently described, with the rotatingsealing face 81 of the rotating seal element 84. It will be seen -thatthis arrangement provides a predetermined required pressure for propercontact between ring element 8| and collar element 84 at the sealingsurface 81. In actual practice, the ring 8l is made of carbon, graphitedcarbon, or graphite.

' although any other materials suitable f or the acid rupture the'glassand this characteristic is known as heat shock.

In devising the proper elements for the stuffing box, it is necessary toprovide as one of the sealing elements an acid resistant seal in thechamber 18 to preventacid seepage along the hub 18 of the impeller.Toward this end there is provided a rotating glass collar 84, which inthe form of the invention shown in Figures 1 and ll, forms one of thesealing elements. The rotating seal element 84 may be made of such acidresisting materials as high chromium and nickel steels,

or compositions including phenolithic compounds 75" servicecontemplated, that have a high coefficient of heat transfer, would besuitable.

It will be seen `in the form of the invention shown in Fig. l1 that theelement 84 and the ring 8l are spaced from the chamber wall 18 so thatthe liquid being pumped isfree to circulate through the conduit 19, or88 (in the form of the invention shown in Fig. 14) and contact the highheattransmitting element 8i and thereby dissipate the heat to the liquidbeing pumped. It is pointed out that the function of the ring 9| is toreadily absorb the heat developed by the fric- \tion at the sealingsurface. 81 and dissipate it to the liquid being pumped and away fromthe glass parts that are likely to be injured by localized heating, orby "heat shock."

Next to the high heat transmitting ring 9i is a resilient compensatingring 92, the inner periphery of which is supported in' spaced relationto the glass hub 1l. This compensating ring has the outer peripherythereof bearing against the wall 18 of the stuillng box or seal chamber18, and the inner face bears against the high heat asiatico t er.setting element 9|. Ring 92 is so proportioned in the stulng box`assembly that it is completely connned except for a small annularsection on two sides of the ring indicated at 93 and 3l-il. This annularsection is left unsupported on the sides so es to give some degree offree-a dom to the endwise movement of the ring 92, to compensate for anywear that might occur at the sealing surface Si, and which movementresuits iromthe spring pressed gland and follower elements, as willpresently appear, wherein the springs are so proportioned as to give therequired pressure for proper contact between the sealing surfaces 8l.'lue compensating ring 52 is preferably made or a ruimen-like resilientmateriel. The sealing action Acaused by the expansion of thecompensating ring outwardly against the wall HQ is somewhat analogous tothe corking obteined when a cork a bottle swells under the ci liquidcontents.

The compensating ring 92 being resilient, acoompliehestwo functions whencompressed by theelepel follower member to be described later, the seidring expands outwardly edectine e iight .see-l between the impeller hubl and the wall by its engagement with the reduced pertion of thefollower ring, and at the same time it permits a flexing causedby thepressure of the ment is that the seal surfaces at 81 operate in a planeperpendicular to the axis of rotation oi the impeller I. Thisperpendicular plane is obtained by the self-aligning features of thevarious component parts of the stulng box assembly, principally therotating nexible member or gasket 5 and the stationary ilexiblecompensating ring 82.

- In the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 and il, the followerring has a-reduced part Sl surrounding the hub 15 in spaced relation andon this reduced part rests the compensating ring Q2 and a portion of thehigh heat transmitting ring 9|. The enlarged portion 98 of the followerring projects out of the chamber 1B for engagement with the one side ofthe detlector gasket 91. This follower ring is preferably formed ofglass and in the outer face of the enlarged part is a cavity $8. Theshoulder formed between the reduced port 95 and the emerged part 88 ofthe follower ring bears in the outer face of the corripensating ring 82and transmits pressure to the f inner elements ofthe stu-fling box. Theinner periphery oi thereduced part Si of the follower ring I Y res-pondsto the cavity 98 in the follower ring.

o It will be seen that the deector gasket 91 divides the cavity 98 fromcavity |02. there bev mun me aus se. A rubber songer tana .H is securedto the hub 'It in thecaviw 88 andanother slinger im. ist gripply hub i5in the cavity. w3. The WE and is@ being rotatable with the shaft l5.throw seepage alom the hub outinto the respec- -tive cavities et d istfrom where the seepage is drained. For the purpose of draining cavity @cin the follower ring, a groove itil is made'in the outer edge, while agroove idd, on the other side oi the dedector gasket Sil, made in therim of the cup part le@ of the gd. drains the cavity y ld. The grooveslill d lo@ are formed in the lowest segment ci the follower ring andcupped part ist respectively, and are located over the mouth of a leadiunnel mer ilo. This funnel member has a pairof arms ill xed to the opposits sides d the arms rest upon opposed legs il@ of the leerer pair oflegs, the fungasket 91, run down the gasket tothe tongue of thedefiector @il and drip into the funnel Hd. It will thus be seen thatthere iscreated in the gland and follower members a collecting chams bercom of the confronting cavities 83 and |08 respectively. ,whichcollecting chamber is' bridged by the novel arrangement of the deilector gasket 91 that when cooperating with the i slinger bands |05,|06 and the outlet grooves |01, |88, aiIords a triple precaution againstleakage of corrosive liquids from the stuiilng box assembly. Apair ofround guide posts H2 have their inner ends anchored in 4threadedopenings H3 on the ring 2| of the inner housing section. The posts H2extend outwardly ofthe ring 2| and axially of the drive shaft C. Theposts are positioned to extend through rounded portions I M at the innerend of slots ||5, one slot being in the outer portion of each wing- HQ.'Il'l'of the gland Illia. One slot H5 enters each rounded part H4, onefrom one side of the one Wing. while the other slot enters from theopposite side of the other wing, and when. spring tension, as willpresently appear', is removed, the gland lilla may be seporated and`moved 'outwardly from the balanceof the stumng box assembly bysimply'turning the gland so that :the wings slip away from the posts m.since the slots nu provide ,a space through which the posts may pass.

A controlled and predetermined pressure is exerted on the gland Illa andtransmitted to the balance of the stuing box assembly. by the tensionaorded by the-springs lil. one of which encircle; an intermediate partof each post H2.- Factors which determine this pressure may -vary witheach installation, but it should be sumcient to overcome the normal pumppressures reacting on the elements u, 9|, 82, 91, and the follower ring.At their outer ends the springs bear against a time Il! on a bushing |20which extends through the rounded part III and slots H5 in therespective wings IIB, Ill. -The flange H9 seats in a groove |22 aboutthe rounded part Illl whereby the bushing is locked under tension.

ing o central opening in the deflector gasket sur- 7s The bushings I2.slide on athreaded port I 23' mounted. The outer end of each bushingprojects above the face of the wing, as clearly shown in Fig. 11, sothat when nut i24 is screwed tight against the projecting end the flangeil! will be forced out of the groove |22 so that pressure is removedfrom the gland when it is desired to disassemble the stuiiing boxassembly H.

One end ofthe control springs I i8 bears against the flange H9 on thebushing, while the other end bears against the outer face of ring 2l allof which provides a resilient controlled pressure on the gland which isin turn transmitted to the successive elements of the stuffing boxassembly. The amount of pressure 'necessary with each application may becontrolled through the springs ill and for this reason the springs areselected to supply a predetermined pressure 'I'he amount of pressure tobe supplied, and consequently the strength of the springs, willdependupon the necessary pressure required at the sealing iace 81, andalso the normal pump pressure in the pump chamber I3. Thus there will bea uniform and controlled pressure at the sealing surface 81, that isinsured becausethe controlled pressure cannot be altered. .,In the eventpressures are developed in the pump chamber I2 Ain excess of thepressure for which the pump was designed, the springs III will permitany or all of the elements Il, 8|, s2 and the follower ring and thegland elements to move outwardly and permit the increment of pressure toescape.

In the stumng box assembly H there is provided the elements making upthe seal including the intermediate elements Il and. which are'separated from the glass of thehub Il and the extension 11 by the heatinsulating layers in the form of the rubber-like gasket and the flexiblerubber-like compensating ring Il. The intermediate members and I. asidefrom forming a seal at the contacting surface l1, are selected toprovidecharacteristics to prevent the Vexi change of heat with-the glass pumpcasing and the drive shaft which has the .glasshub 15 surrounding it. Ifboth members Il and elf were made of a material having a low coemclentof heat transfer, like glass, the heat developed by the friction at thesealing surface l1 will not be dissipated tothe liquid being pumpedrapidly` s enough to prevent a burning or scorching of one member Il,the heat developed will be sufficient to crack this `glass member Il. Aslong as one or-the other of these two members Il or 0I is a highconductor of heat, it will prevent the concentration and building up ofheat at the sealing face l1 because the heat will be freely transmittedto the liquid being pumped. In the stuifmg box assembly shown in Figures1 and 11, the graphite seal ring Il is the element that has theproperty, of conducting heat from the sealing surface I1 andtransmitting the same freely to the liquid in the seal chamber Il whichsurrounds this ring.

Up to this point in the specification the elements Il and i2 of thestumng box assembly H have been defined as being formed of rubberlikematerial. It has beenfound'that such material as neoprene. chloropreneand vinyl chloride serves satisfactorily for the construction of theseelements inasmuch as they are highly'resistant of the posts H2 and onthe outer end of the threaded part of the posts, the nuts |24 are to theacid service for which the pumps are designed.

In the application of the centrifugal pump of the present inventionthere are certain conditions such as handling high solvents, and otherhot liquids, where the temperature is higher than safely can bewithstood by the molded flexible rubber-like materials used in thegasket 85 and the compensating ring 92 of the stuiiing box assemblyshown in Figures 1 and 11. To accommodate the higher temperature, in arange that would soften, and make tacky, these rubber-like materials. itis necessary to modify the stuffing box assembly H shown in Figures 1and 11, and 15 as disclosed in Figures 12, 13 and 14.

the forms of the invention illustrated in Figures 12, 13 and 14, theimpeller 200 is constructed the same as the impeller I shown in Figures1 and 11 of the drawings, having blades 212 and 212 formed integrallywith a disc 21|, which blades and discs are formed like the disc 1I andbladesv'l2 and 13,'except thereis shown an opening .l in the disc whichprovides an additional conduit from the high 4pressure side of 2s thepump to the seal chamber to insure a. circulating liquid. In the formsof the invention shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14 there is a conduit 21|between the blades 213 to furnish the stuiiing box chamber or sealchamber 21.6, with the liquid being pumped for the purpose ofdissipating frictional heat. The conduit 212 and 'stuiling box chamber21S are alike in all respects with the conduit 'Il and the seal orstuillng box chamber Il as shown in the form of the inventionillustratedinlliguresland 11.

It is also pointed out that the construction shown'in Figures 12, 13 andliprovide a radial shoulder Il! on the impeller 20| which is similar toa shoulder on theiimpeller I and in these forms of the inventi the hub215 is formed similarly to the hub 'I the hub being coupled to the driveshaft l through a metal quill and solder or cementitious bond, as willbe hereinafter shown in Figures l and 1l; and likewise the gland Illa issimilarly placed under the tension of' springs similar to the springsIll in the form of the invention shown in Figures l and 11 of thedrawings.

In Figure 12 there is a rotating ring lli made of graphite, graphitedcarbon or carbon, which surrounds the hub 21|, and one side `of thisring abuts the shoulder In on the impeller 2li. 'I'he outer periphery ofthis seal element #Il is spaced from the wall of the stumng box chamber218 whereby liquid being pumped is in contact with the outer periphery.It will be seen that any heat developed on the sealingfaces will betransmitted by this ring to the liquid. The other side of the seal ringelement i is provided with a convex highly polished spherical surface n2and rotates in rubbing contact with a correspondingly concaved face onthe glass member 2li. The member Ill is in the nature of a piston whichis freeto move inthe stuiiing box chamber 21|..y 'Iheinnerperiphery ofthe piston member SIS surrounds kthe drive shaft C.

described. In the forms of the invention shown` accesso the collectingchamber shown in Figures land The outer peripheryof the glass followerring or piston 393 is formed with labyrinth grooves 305 confronting thechamber wall 2lb so as to bc free to move in the chamber-but et the sametime to prevent excessive leakage at the joint between the chamber walland the outer periphery of the ring. There is not a great pressurediflerence at this joint mentioned above because of the provision formaintaining substantially atmospheric pressure in the chamber 2lbcreated by the counter-action of the blades 2li, emlained irl-connectionwith blades il in Figures l and l1 oi the mwings. Because or" thespherical seat db2 the ring Sdi will automatically adjust itself so seto completely engage and seal the impeller hub 2lb. Leakage of kliquidfrom the interior of the pump along the joint between the labyrinth Thestumng box assembly shown in Fig. 13 has a ring 3N formed of graphite,graphit/ed carbon, or carbon, that encircles the drive shaft in spacedrelation thereto. This ring 3H has a radial face 312 and another radialface EIB wlmh maintains a seal between the interior and the exterior ofthe casing. Thev surface M2, and dit can both 250. Like the gasket 3N inFig. 13, the gasket 322 is designed to be cut from fiat pieces, .orsheet material from stock, which is easily obtained yin acid-resistant,high temperature resisting materials, such as asbestos or woven glass.The rotating seal ring B2i provides a construction which allows it to bereplaced when it becomes worn, and is desired above the assemblies shownin Figures 12 and 13, inasmuch as the wear occurs on these latterconstructions against the Shoulder l S ofthe impeller. In theconstruction shown in Fig. 14, the carbon ringA 323, bears on 'the outerpolished face of the rotating glass seal or graphite ring t28respectively at 325 and b2b. s

in Fig. 14, the piston-like sleeve element 22?, the gasket ring 32B andglass follower ring 32@ are constructed like the correspondingparts'ell,

Sill, and 8m respectively, in Fig.y 13, and-their functions are the sameas said corresponding parts.

- In thel forms of the invention shown in Figures l2, 13 and 14, a meansis provided to prevent the member abutting the inside oi the deflectorgasket '391 from turning, and this gasket is similar to the gasket @l inFigures l. and 11,

except as hereinafter indicated. Toward this end a pin has anintermediate portion secured transversely in the gasket ttl withopposite ends be polished, together with their mating surfaces l |30 onthe impeller 200, and the confronting end of the glass piston-likeelement Sit, so as to lirovide a differential rotation or the ring 3| I,said -ring assuming a rotational speed of approximately halt -of theimpeller 200. No provision lis made for a self-alignment of the ring orelement 3|| in the assembly shown in Fig. 13, like the sphericalsurfaces 302 inthe form of the invention shown in Fig. 12.

'.lhe glass piston-like element 3M, shown in Fig. 13, has a reduced endon which an acid resistant, high temperature gasket 3| 5 is seated toreduce possible leakage at the joint 3|6 where the outer periphery has aclearance with the. wall of the stufilng box chamber-210. There arelabyrinth grooves 3|1 similar to the grooves 305 on the glass element303 in Fig.v 12 oi the dra-wings. A glass follower ring 3|8 holds thegasket 3|! in place and also forms a closure or cover for the innerportion 2I9 of the collecting cham@ ber. This cavity or chamber 2|9functions sim? ilarly to cavity 98 in the iorm of the invention shown inFigures` 1 and 11 or, the invention. The material from which the gasket3|5 is made is preferably asbestos, and the gasket can be cut from sheetmaterial and does not have to be molded, or form of thermoplasticmaterial.

In Fig. 14 there the stuiling box assembly closely resembling thestuiiing box assembly shown in Fig. 13, except for the addition of arotating glass sealing ring 32| having a ring insulation gasket322seated in a recess or pocket in one face, and this gasket is heldtightly to the shoulder |30 on the impeller shown another variation of39S and 39e projecting outwardly of this i deflector gasket. The one end2398 engages in a slot 400 in the glass element 303 in the assemblyshown in Fig. l2. In the structure shown in Figures 13 and 14, the end398 of the pin is engaged in the slot 40H in the follower rings SIS and329, respectively. The other end 399 of the pin engages in a slot `|02in the hub of the gland 20|a.

By the engagement of the end 390 of the pin inv the slots 400, and 40|respectively, the respective elements 303 and 3|8, 329 are definitelypositioned and at the same time they are prevented from turning.

It is' pointed out that in all 'other respects notv specificallymentioned in describing the construction shown in the modifications inFigures 12, 13 and 14 ofthe drawings, the construction is similar in allrespects to the structure shown in Figures 1 and 11 of the drawings.

It has not been considered practical or expedient to use, in the suctionline 50| (see Fig.

l). the customary glass pipe line fitting, as indicated at F in thedischarge line 502, and as a result it is necessary to devise a specialtting. It will be observed that the end of the suction nozzle 35terminates at, or short of, the crown of cover plate 26a in a male end503 in augment with the openingdened by wall `20. An adapter pipe member604 provided with a female end 505 receives the male end 503, and thismember 504 extends through the opening in thecrown of the cover plate26a. The outer end of the adapter member 504 is joined by theconventional glass pipe tting, similar to that indicated at F, to thesuction line 50|.

. It will be understoodthat all of the metal to glass joints. as F, andat the suction line 00|,

70 ventional manner.

end |03, there is a rubber ring |03 pressed on the nozzle. The ring isof right triangular cross section, so the base will abut the edge of theflange of the adaptenand the hypotenuse side |09 inclines upwardly andoutwardly from the apex. The incline at |09 is about the same pitch asthe incline at |06. With respect to the incline |36 on the ange, theside |09 on ring |33 forms an anti-clinal surface all around the joint,an intermediate part of which surface is interrupted or divided by theJoint between the nozzle and the adapter.

A collar H is disposed on the ring |33. The wall SI2 about the openingin the collar is inclined in a plane that substantially coincides withthe incline |03 on ring |33. The wall |I2 and the wall 23 of the openingin the cover plate 2|a, form an interrupted synclinal surface withrespectto the collar |i| and cover plate 23a considered conjointly, allaround the respective openings. The openings which these synclinalsurfaces surround are neither of them as large in diameter as the apexof the anticlinal surface on the` flange and ring.- Such being the case.when one of the synclinal faces move toward the other a wedging actionis applied to the anticlinal surfaces lll-lll, and the reverse movementreleases the wedging action.

0n the outer periphery of the collar |i i, there are ears |I3,preferably three in number. Anchored in threaded openings, one in eachear, is an outwardly projecting stud III, an intermediate portion ofwhich extends through opend ings in the cover plate 23a. On theproject-l ing end of `each stud |i| there is a wing nut lll,

glass parts of the pump itself. Such strains would, of course, be liableto break the expensive volute portion 3i which at this point wouldotherwise be relatively unsupported and, furthermore, strains at thispoint would be liable to interfere with the working clearance of theimpeller.

YConsiderable dimculty has been experienced in making a rotary jointbetween a metal drive shaft C, and a rotary driven member such as theimpeller I. The rotary Joint hereafter described is the subject of theabove mentioned application and for the purposes of the presentinvention, it is suiiicient for an understanding of the rotary jointbetween the shaft C and impeller I is made by forming a socket |20`inthe hub 1| of the impeller I. The wall of the socket is formed withpart,and this space continues between tang |2| and cavity 52|, and in thisspace is a hard solder or cementitious bond |21 which has the propertyoi'` expanding while congealing from the liquid Aor plastic-phase to thesolid phase. The bond |21 forms a mechanical lock with the irregularsurfaces that prevents longitudinal and rotary movement between theimpeller and the quill.

' The stub drive shaft C fits in a socket |23 in the quill. 'I'he quillis keyed to the drive shaft C by a key |23 (see Figures 6 and 7), onehalf of which seats in keyway in the wall of the socket |23. aad theother half seats in a keyway |3| in-the drive shaft C. A positioning setscrew |32 (see Figure 5) is threaded in an opening in the enlarged part|22 of the quill, and the inner which, when the parts are assembled `asshown in Figure 1, supplies the force to wedge the parts together andmakea tight fitting between the adapter and the nozzle. A tight seal isprovided between the edge of the flange on the female end of the adapterand the altitude side of -the rubber ring |63, and a groove ||1 ismolded around the edge of the adapter to provide an additional seaiingmeans. Y

When these component parts of the fitting are assembled in the positionshown, the collar ||I is pulled into position by means of the wing nuts|i|. In tightening up all these wing nuts, it will be observed from thedrawings that this provides for the compression of the resilient ring l"so as to tightly grip the cylindrical surface of the nozzle 3| and atthe same time to come up hard against and tightlyseal o8 the end of thesuction adapter pipe l".

Invention is not claimed for these various ele-4 ments per se, as manyof them are used in connection with glass piping practice but what Ibelieve is novel is the use of these devices as indicated so as toprovide more or less rigid means of connection of the suction pipe tothe glassl suction nozzle of the pump. inva manner so as to remove thepipe strains from the-glass pump member itself. In this connection itwill be noted from the drawings that-the adapter pipe |34 is heldrigidly in position through the medium of the metal cover plate lla.This provision re moves any strain of the suction piping from the endofthe set screw seats in an opening |33 in the shafts 'A second set screw|34 is mounted in a threaded opening in the enlarged part|22 v Patent ofthe United states is: ss

l. A centrifugal liquid pump comprising a sectional pump housing. asectional glass pump cas'- ing supported by said pump housing with thesections in abutting relation in the assembled position, one of saidhousing sections being automatically yieldable with respect to anotherhousing section in response to a predetermined pressure in the pumpcasing to` permit the casing sections to separate and release theincrement of pressure. l

2.- A centrifugal liquid pump comprising a sectional metal pump housing.a sectional glass pump casing supported by said metal housing with lthesections in abutting relation in the assembled position, spring loadingmeans on one of said housing sections to permit the pump casing sectionsto automatically separate and discharge liquid therethrough in theadvent of excess pressure within the casing.

3. A pump comprising a sectional pump casing. a pumping member in thepump casing, a drive 'sembled relation to prevent breakage y ing action.

the increment o'ipressure is released to atmos- 5 phere.

4. A pump comprising a sectional pump casing, and one of the external:i: i sections being movable in response to an excess of a predeterminedpressure in the pump casing whereby the lo increment of pressure isreleased to atmosphre.

5. A pump comprising a frangible sectional pump casing, pressure supplymeans coasting with the casing sections to maintain said sections in`assembled relation, and pressure control 15 meansincluded in said meansecctive to limit the pressure on the casing sections in the. as-

in the irangible pump casing. f

6. A. pump comprising a irangible sectional gg@ pump casing, a housingsupporting the sections of the pump casing, pressure supplying meanscarried by the housing Ito maintain the sections of the pump casing inassembled relation under pressure, means coacting with the rst mentionedQ5 means to control the pressure, and means coactinggwith the secondmeans to limit the amount of pressure supplied by the irst mentionedmeans and prevent breakage in the frangible pump casing. Si Y 7. A pumpcomprising a corrosion resisting pump casing equipped with a portincluding an outstanding nozzle member, a corrosion resisting adapterpipe member, one of said membershaving a male end and the-other a femaleend 35 to provide a joint on their confronting ends in the assembledrelation, each of said members being equipped with means adjacent theirconfronting ends to coniointly provide a anticlinal surface, anintermediate part of which is inter- 40 rupted by said joint, a housingsupporting the casing and provided with means engageable' with saidmeans on the adapter member to support same independently oi' saidnozzle membena f collar surrounding said means on the' nozzle and 45i118.

provided `with an opening. through which the y'nozzle extends, the wallsof theopenings in the collar and the housing conjointly `formingfaninterrupted synclinal surface bearing on .corresponding parts of thevanticlinal surface on the 50 nozzle and adapter -members respectively,and means connected with-the housing to move the collar relative to.the. housing and secure the confronting ends ofthe nozzle. and adaptermem- 'bers Itogether in substantially concentric relayL55' tion to eachother and to seal the joint through the anticlinal ad synclinal surfacesby a wedg- -8. A: pump comprising -a corrosion resisting Dump casingequipped with a port including an 00 outstanding nozzle member, a.corrosion resisting adapter pipe member, one of said members havingamale and the other a female end to provide a Joint on their confrontingends in the assembled relation, each of said members being o5 equippedwith means adjacent theinconfronting 'ends to conjointly provide aanticlinal surface, f

anintermediate .part of which is interrupted by said joint,avhousing'supporting the casing and provided withA an openingsurrounding said means 7o 'on the ladapter member, a, collar surroundingsaid means, o n the nozzle and provided withan opening through whichthenozzle extends, the

walls of the openings in the collar and the housassu-sse surface on thenozzle and adapter members respectively, means connected with thehousing to move the 'collar relative to the' housing and se-` cure the"confronting ends' oi the nozzle and adapter members together'insubstantially concentric relation to each other audio seal theJoint-through the anticlinal and c surfaces by a wedging'action, one ofsaid first mentioned means being resilient. and a resilient lining onthe walls of the said ppening surrounding theother of said firstmentioned means to pro-- vide a cushion between the coor resisting vsurfaces andthe adjacent surfaces of the adapter and nozzle members. e

9. Al pump comprising a, frengible casing equipped with a. nozzle, .apipe mber cooperative therewith to provide a joint on their confrontingendsv in the assembled relation, said nozzlemember being providedxwith aresilient surface projection adjacent the confronting ends,

a housing supporting the casing and provided with means to support said'pipe member independently of said nozzle member, a collar disposed uponsaid nozzle member and provided with an opening-adiacentsaid surfaceprojection, and means connected with the housing to cause the wallsofthe opening in the collar member to engage in and release frominterlocking relation with the surface projection, and

thereby form ends.

10. A centrifugal pump comprising a sectional pump casing formed ofahead section and asubstantialiy bowl-shaped volute section including aa seal between the confronting rim portion, a housing surrounding a partoi' the assembled sections, said housing supporting the volute sectionin abutting relation to the head sec-e tion, fulcrum means provided onthe housing section. and a cleat on the rim of the volute sectionadjacent the fulcrum means adapted to cooperate with the fulcrum meansin separating the casing sections when a pry bar is engaged with thefulcrum means andsaid cleat.

11. A pumpscomprising a sectional pump cas- I l a sectional housingsupporting the pump casing sections in the assembled position, means onone housing section coacting with one casing v section for detachablylocking thlatter in position during the assembly of the sections. and'aIsecond means on said onehousing section coacting with another casingsection to support one of said secigssz in position during the assemblyof the sec Y' 1 2. A centrifugal pump comprising a sectional frangibl'epump casing, a sectional metal-housing supporting the vsectional pumpcasing in the as-vv sembled relation, means carried by one housingsection and. coacting with the initially assembled casing section tohold the latter in positionwhile a subsequent section` is beingassembled, and a second means independent oi' the first mentioned meanscarried by said on`e housing section and co'- acting with the secondlyassembled casing .sec'

.tion to hold the latter imposition while the asv-1^semblyisbeingcompleted. 13. A. centrifugal pump comprising a "glass pumpcasing formed in twosections,v a housing supporting the two sections inabutting relation,

said housing formed in two sections, one ofsaidhousing sections providedwith an interrupted 11318, the Y initially applied casing section beingprovided with a flange interrupted to correspond with thesolidpai'tsoftheinterruptedringonthe houing section, upetanding lips onthe solid parts in: coniomuy forming an' interrupted syncn'mi u of mainternmted fing to lock the sono pam or said housing supporting onecasing section in 10 abutting relation to another section, a cleat onlthe rim of one ot said sections, said housing having an openingproviding a fuicrum adjacent the cleat and adapted to cooperate with thecleat in separating the casing sections when a pry bar is engaged withan edge of the opening and the cleat, and means to position said openingrelative to said casing sections, to function as a drain for the pump.

HAROLD E. ADAMS.

